{"id":2270,"date":"2022-10-03T14:54:02","date_gmt":"2022-10-03T17:54:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/equipamentos-ex-protegidos-por-encapsulamento-para-gases-inflamaveis-e-poeiras-combustiveis-tipo-de-protecao-ex-m\/"},"modified":"2022-10-31T18:32:18","modified_gmt":"2022-10-31T21:32:18","slug":"ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/en\/ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Ex&#8221; equipment protected by encapsulation for flammable gases and combustible dust &#8211; Type of Ex protection type Ex &#8220;m&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The type of protection by <strong>encapsulation<\/strong> (Ex \u201cm\u201d) is based on the principle of <strong>segregating<\/strong> an explosive atmosphere that may be present in the installation location, in the form of flammable gases or combustible dust, from internal parts of \u201cEx\u201d components or equipment that could represent an ignition source.<br \/>\nThe type of protection Ex \u201cm\u201d means that parts that are capable of causing an ignition of an explosive atmosphere by sparking or heating are completely \u201cencapsulated\u201d in a compound or resin or by means of a non-metallic enclosure, with adhesion, so as to prevent the ignition of an explosive atmosphere of flammable gases or combustible dust layer that may be present in the installation, when the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment is under operating conditions.<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2213\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2213\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2213 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/01-Representacao-do-tipo-de-protecao-Ex-m-300x295.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/01-Representacao-do-tipo-de-protecao-Ex-m-300x295.png 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/01-Representacao-do-tipo-de-protecao-Ex-m-64x63.png 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/01-Representacao-do-tipo-de-protecao-Ex-m.png 312w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2213\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Representation of the type of protection Ex &#8220;m&#8221; &#8211; Equipment protection by encapsulation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Examples of industrial \u201cEx\u201d equipment for installation or use in hazardous areas that use or incorporate the type of protection by encapsulation Ex \u201cm\u201d, which is generally combined with other types of \u201cEx\u201d protection, are: solenoids, sensing instruments, inductive, capacitive, and magnetic sensors, drivers for luminaires with LED lamps, hand-held instruments, portable flashlights, printed circuit boards, and components used in the manufacture of \u201cEx\u201d smartphones or tablets.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2215\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2215\" style=\"width: 373px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2215\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/02-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"373\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/02-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/02-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-600x450.png 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/02-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-64x48.png 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/02-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido.png 752w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2215\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of installation of encapsulated sensor for obstruction (clogging) detection on conveyor belt containing combustible soybean dust. Markings: Ex ma IIC T4 Ga \/ Ex ma IIIC T 200 110 \u00baC Da IP66<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2217\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2217\" style=\"width: 403px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2217\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-300x208.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"403\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-300x208.png 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-768x533.png 768w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-600x417.png 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido-64x44.png 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/03-Exemplo-instalacao-de-sensor-protegido.png 792w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2217\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of installation of encapsulated sensor for speed detection on conveyor belt containing combustible soybean dust. Markings: Ex ma IIC T4 Ga \/ Ex ma IIIC T 200 110 \u00baC Da IP66<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2219\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2219\" style=\"width: 420px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2219\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/04-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-300x243.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"420\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/04-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-300x243.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/04-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-600x487.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/04-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-64x52.jpg 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/04-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex.jpg 757w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2219\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example for an &#8220;\u201cEx&#8221;\u201d solenoid installation protected by encapsulation. Marking Ex eb mb IIC T6 Gb \/ Ex tb IIIC T 85 \u00baC Da IP66<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2221\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2221\" style=\"width: 326px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2221\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-286x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"326\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-286x300.jpg 286w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-600x629.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex-64x67.jpg 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex.jpg 693w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2221\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example for an &#8220;\u201cEx&#8221;\u201d solenoid installation protected by encapsulation. MarkingsL Ex eb mb IIC T6 Gb \/ Ex tb IIIC T 85 \u00baC Da IP66<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Depending on the manufacturing characteristics of Ex \u201cm\u201d encapsulated devices, they can provide all applicable protection levels for installations in underground coal mine areas, classified areas containing flammable gases, or classified areas containing combustible dust.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Protection level \u201cma\u201d (EPL Ma, Ga or Da)<\/li>\n<li>Protection level &#8220;\u201cmb&#8221;\u201d (EPL Mb, Gb, or Db)<\/li>\n<li>Protection level &#8220;\u201cmc&#8221;\u201d (EPL Gc or Dc)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This kind of \u201c<em>flexibility<\/em>\u201d of protection levels means that Ex \u201cm\u201d devices can be installed in all types of hazardous areas, depending on the EPL provided, making their application very \u201c<strong><em>comprehensive<\/em><\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>It was published by ABNT (<em>Brazilian Technical Norms Association)<\/em> in 2020, the <strong>fourth<\/strong> edition of the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard <em>ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18<\/em>: <em>Explosive atmospheres &#8211; Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation \u201cm\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2223\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2223\" style=\"width: 348px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2223 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/06-NBR60079-18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/06-NBR60079-18.png 348w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/06-NBR60079-18-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/06-NBR60079-18-64x53.png 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 348px) 100vw, 348px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2223\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover Sheet of the Brazilian adopted Technical Standards <strong>ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18<\/strong>. Type of protection by <strong>encapsulation (Ex \u201cm\u201d)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This Part of the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard Series <strong>ABNT NBR IEC 60079 (<em>Explosive Atmospheres<\/em>) <\/strong>presents specific requirements for construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment, parts of electrical equipment and \u201cEx\u201d components with the type of protection by encapsulation <strong>Ex \u201cm\u201d<\/strong>, with nominal voltage below <strong>11 kV<\/strong>, intended for use in explosive atmospheres of <strong>flammable gases<\/strong> (Groups IIA \/ IIB \/ IIC) or <strong>combustible dust<\/strong> (Groups IIIA \/ IIIB \/ IIIC).<\/p>\n<p>According to the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18, the specification of the encapsulation compound, to be submitted by the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment manufacturer, during the certification process, shall include the following information:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The name and address of the manufacturer of the compound<\/li>\n<li>The exact and complete reference of the encapsulation material and, if applicable, the percentage of filler and any other additives, the mixing ratio and the type of designation<\/li>\n<li>Surface treatment of the compounds, e.g., varnishing if applicable<\/li>\n<li>Requirements for pre-treatment of the component to achieve proper adhesion of the compound to a component, e.g., by cleaning or pickling if applicable<\/li>\n<li>The dielectric strength, in accordance with the requirements of Noma IEC 60243-1 (<em>Electrical strength of insulating material &#8211; Test methods &#8211; Part 1: Tests at power frequencies<\/em>), at the maximum service temperature of the composite, determined in accordance with the maximum temperature test procedure, presented in ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18, under normal operation or fault condition.<\/li>\n<li>The temperature range of the compounds, including the <strong>maximum<\/strong> continuous operating temperature (COT &#8211; <em>Continuous Operating Temperature<\/em>) and the <strong>minimum<\/strong> continuous operating temperature<\/li>\n<li>In the case of Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment, where the compound is an external part of the enclosure, the TI (<em>Temperature Index<\/em>) value must be reported, as defined in ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0. As an alternative to TI, the relative thermal index (mechanical RTI) can be determined according to ANSI\/UL 746B Standard (<em>Polymeric materials &#8211; Long-term property evaluations<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>The color of the compound used for the test specimen, where the specification of the compound may be influenced by the color change<\/li>\n<li>The thermal conductivity, in the case of using the \u201c<em>alternative<\/em>\u201d test method indicated in the Section \u201c<em>temperature of the compound<\/em>\u201d of the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18. In this \u201c<em>alternative<\/em>\u201d method, the determination of the temperature of the hottest component in normal operation can be made by calculation, by the manufacturer&#8217;s specification or by a test of the component under the intended conditions of application, before the encapsulation of the component, if the thermal conductivity of the compound is higher than that of the air<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The <strong>service temperature<\/strong> of the compound in Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment shall be determined according to the test procedures indicated in the Brazilian Technical Standard adopted ABNT\u00a0NBR\u00a0IEC\u00a060079-0 (<strong>General Requirements for \u201cEx\u201d equipment<\/strong>). This temperature cannot exceed the value of the maximum <em>Continuous Operating Temperature<\/em> (COT) of the encapsulating compound. The maximum surface temperature of the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment shall be determined in accordance with the requirements indicated in Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079\u20110, under normal operation and under fault conditions, as specified in the <strong>\u201c<em>Fault Determination<\/em>\u201d<\/strong> Section of Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18. Equipment with Ex \u201cm\u201d type of protection shall be protected so that the \u201cm\u201d encapsulation is not affected under the specified fault conditions that may occur.<\/p>\n<p>From the construction point of view, when the encapsulation compound forms the external part of the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment enclosures, the enclosure shall meet the requirements of the ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0 Standard for non-metallic enclosures and non-metallic parts of enclosures. If the surface of the encapsulation compound is totally or partially involved by an enclosure and this enclosure is part of the Ex \u201cm\u201d protection type, the enclosure or parts of the enclosure shall comply with the requirements for enclosures of the <strong>ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0 <\/strong>Standard (<em>General requirements for \u201cEx\u201d equipment<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>If \u201c<em>specific<\/em>\u201d installation measures are required, this information shall be presented by the manufacturers to the end users of the Ex \u201cm\u201d products, in order to meet the requirements of the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18. For example, an additional mechanical protection can be required to protect the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment from a direct impact. In these cases, the number of the certificate of conformity for the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment shall include the Suffix \u201c<strong>X<\/strong>\u201d, in accordance with the marking requirements of the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0, and the specific installation conditions to be included in the certificate shall detail the precautions needed by end users to meet this \u201c<em>specific<\/em>\u201d installation requirement.<\/p>\n<p>In the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment some components can be considered as \u201c<strong><em>not subject to fail<\/em><\/strong>\u201d. Components or arrangements of components regarded as not subject to certain failure modes are determined in the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-11 (<em>Type of protection by intrinsic safety Ex \u201ci\u201d<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>For protection levels \u201cma\u201d and \u201cmb\u201d the following components shall be considered \u201c<em>not subject to fail<\/em>\u201d, if they are encapsulated in accordance with the requirements of the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18, considering also that they are suitable for the service temperature and if they are not operated at more than 2\/3 of their rated voltage, rated current or rated power related to the nominal data of the device, the mounting conditions and the specified temperature range:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Resistors<\/li>\n<li>Coils with spiral windings with a single layer of turns<\/li>\n<li>Plastic film capacitors<\/li>\n<li>Paper-film capacitors<\/li>\n<li>Ceramic film capacitors<\/li>\n<li>Semiconductors<\/li>\n<li>Semiconductor devices used as \u201cprotection devices\u201d, which are specified in the ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18 Standard<\/li>\n<li>Resistors used as \u201c<em>protection devices<\/em>\u201d, if they meet the \u201ccurrent limiting resistors\u201d requirements of the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-11 (Ex \u201ci\u201d), for protection levels \u201cia\u201d or \u201cib\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For protection levels \u201cma\u201d and \u201cmb\u201d, the windings or coils that are used in the manufacturing of Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment, which meet the requirements of the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-7 (<em>Equipment protection by increased safety &#8211; Ex \u201ce\u201d),<\/em> including the windings manufactured with wires with diameters smaller than 0.25 mm, shall be considered \u201c<em>not subject to fail<\/em>\u201d, that is, \u201c<em>not subject to failure<\/em>\u201d, if these windings or coils are encapsulated in accordance with the requirements of Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18.<\/p>\n<p>The Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18 also presents the minimum thicknesses required for the encapsulation compound with respect to the free surfaces of the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment, with respect to metal enclosures and for non-current conducting parts that are protected within the encapsulation compound. The ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18 Standard defines the minimum thicknesses of the compound, depending on the free surfaces of the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment and also whether the outer casing is metallic or non-metallic. The ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18 Standard also defines the minimum separation distances for multilayer printed circuit boards that are protected by the encapsulation compound.<\/p>\n<p>In cases of Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment that incorporate sparking capable switching contacts, as for example in \u201cEx\u201d push buttons containing contacts for control circuits or for remote signaling circuits, these sparking contacts shall have an \u201c<em>additional<\/em>\u201d enclosure. In these cases, the ABNT\u00a0NBR\u00a0IEC\u00a060079-18 standard draws attention to the risks of improper ingress of encapsulating compound into the interior of this \u201cadditional\u201d enclosure during the encapsulation process, which can interfere with or impair the operation or function of the sparking contacts.<\/p>\n<p>For these sparking or switching contacts, the voltage and current ratings must be less than or equal to 60 V and 6 A for equipment encapsulated at protection level Ex \u201cma\u201d (EPL Ga\/Da). This \u201cadditional\u201d enclosure must be made of inorganic material in cases where the switching current exceeds 2\/3 of the rated current specified by the spark-gap contact manufacturer. For encapsulated devices with protection level Ex \u201cmb\u201d (EPL Gb\/Db), the additional enclosure must be made of inorganic material, if the switching current exceeds 2\/3 of the nominal value of the current specified by the spark gap manufacturer or if the current exceeds 6 A.<\/p>\n<p>In cases of Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment containing built-in accumulators or batteries, for protection level \u201cma\u201d and \u201cmb\u201d, the battery charging circuits shall be fully specified as part of the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment. In these cases, the charging system for the batteries or accumulators must be designed so that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>With a fault condition of the battery charging system, the charging voltage and current cannot exceed the limits specified by the battery manufacturer; or<\/li>\n<li>If, during the charging process of the accumulators or batteries, it is possible that the limit values for the accumulator voltage or charging current specified by the manufacturer may be exceeded, a separate safety protection device (such as a fuse or a thermostat) shall be included in the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment so that minimize the possibility of flammable gas release from the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment and also so that the maximum temperature values of the accumulator reported by the manufacturer are not exceeded during the charging process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Regarding the <strong>tests<\/strong> through which the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment must be submitted in the certification process; the following <strong>type<\/strong> tests (laboratory tests performed in prototypes) and <strong>routine<\/strong> tests (tests performed in the products of the manufacturing line) are specified in the Brazilian adopted Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18:<\/p>\n<p><strong>TYPE tests for Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Encapsulation compound tests: water absorption and dielectric strength<\/li>\n<li>Equipment tests: Maximum temperature, thermal resistance to heat and cold, dielectric strength, cable pull, pressure tests, thermal protection device testing with reset, built-in protection devices,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>ROTINE testing for Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Visual inspections for absence of cracks, damage to enclosures, exposure of encapsulated parts, flaking, shrinkage, swelling, decay, lack of adhesion or softening<\/li>\n<li>Dielectric strength<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The terminals of equipment protected by encapsulation <strong>(Ex \u201cm\u201d)<\/strong> are often individually protected by the <strong>Ex \u201ce\u201d<\/strong> type of protection (increased safety), making the equipment protected by encapsulation have a <strong>combination<\/strong> of protection types applied by the manufacturers to the respective products, such as <strong>Ex eb mb IIC T6 Gb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Among the benefits provided by the application of resin encapsulated devices (<strong>Ex \u201cm\u201d),<\/strong> incorporating or not the combination of protection with terminal blocks in increased safety (Ex\u00a0\u201ce\u201d), the following can be mentioned:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The same equipment protected by encapsulation (Ex \u201cm\u201d) normally satisfies both the requirements for flammable gases (EPL Ga, Gb or Gc) and combustible dusts (EPL Da, Db or Dc)<\/li>\n<li>Careful application of the three levels of encapsulation protection (ma, mb and mc) ensures that suitable Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment is used for each risk level. Usually \u201cma\u201d equipment is applied in Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 20, Zone 21, or Zone 22, \u201cmb\u201d equipment is applied in Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 21 or Zone 22 and \u201cmc\u201d equipment is applied in Zone 2 or Zone 22<\/li>\n<li>Encapsulated Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment is normally certified for Group IIC and Group IIIC hazardous areas, which ensures that this equipment can also be installed in all types of hazardous areas containing flammable gases (Groups IIA, IIB and IIC) or combustible dust (Groups IIIA, IIIB and IIIC), ensuring the benefit of standardization of Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment in all types of area classification<\/li>\n<li>The Ex \u201cm\u201d type of protection also provides, when compared with other types of \u201cEx\u201d protection, greater facilities for assembly, inspection and maintenance services in classified areas containing flammable gases or combustible dusts, during the period of plant operation, allowing \u201cconventional\u201d assembly and maintenance procedures to be used, without the need to apply complex field service procedures in explosive atmospheres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>From the point of view of the <strong>Quality Management System<\/strong> (QMS), to be implemented by manufacturers of equipment and Ex \u201cm\u201d components, based on the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR ISO 9001 (Quality management systems &#8211; Requirements), the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard <strong>ABNT NBR ISO\/IEC 80079-34<\/strong> (<em>Explosive atmospheres &#8211; Part 34: Application of quality management systems for the of Ex products manufacture<\/em>) presents specific requirements on this type of protection by encapsulation.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2225\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2225\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2225\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34.png 802w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34-300x232.png 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34-768x595.png 768w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34-600x465.png 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/07-ABNT80079-34-64x50.png 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2225\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover Sheet of the Brazilian adopted Technical Standard <strong>ABNT NBR ISO\/IEC 80079-34<\/strong>: <em>Explosive Atmospheres &#8211; Part 34: Application of Quality Management Systems for the of \u201cEx\u201d products manufacture<\/em>\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>According to Standard ABNT NBR ISO\/IEC 80079-34, under the point of view of documentation for the manufacture of Ex \u201cm\u201d products, it is recommended that the devices for thermal protections (for example, thermal fuses) are positioned and are of the specified type according to the certification drawings. From the point of view of routine tests and checks to be performed from manufacturers of Ex \u201cm\u201d products, it is recommended that all tests be documented, including visual verification and dielectric strength tests.<\/p>\n<p>According to the ABNT NBR ISO\/IEC 80079-34 Standard it is also recommended that the documented manufacturing procedures for Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment and components include the following information and requirements:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Validity and storage of cements, resins, and components<\/li>\n<li>Compound preparation<\/li>\n<li>Surface preparation (degreasing, or equivalent method is required immediately prior to the encapsulation operation to ensure adequate adhesion of the product)<\/li>\n<li>Application, e.g., application instructions, absence of cavities (voids) and temperature conditions<\/li>\n<li>The curing process, including: the curing period, any relevant environmental factors, measures to ensure that the product is not manipulated during the curing period<\/li>\n<li>After curing, it is recommended that an inspection be performed on each encapsulated assembly. Depending on the nature and repeatability of the encapsulation process and the encapsulated assembly, this inspection can be performed, for example, using statistical techniques<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Among the main technical changes that have been incorporated in the 2020 Edition of the adopted Brazilian Technical Standard ABNT NBR IEC 60079-18 (Type protection Ex \u201cm\u201d) compared to the previous edition, the following can be highlighted:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Requirements for protection against inadmissible temperature and damage have been included for accumulators and batteries incorporated in Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment<\/li>\n<li>Requirements for accumulators or batteries incorporated in Ex \u201cm\u201d products have been modified and included<\/li>\n<li>F<\/li>\n<li>Requirements on protection against impermissible temperatures and damage to accumulators or batteries have been specified. For equipment with protection level \u201cma\u201d, designed for EPL \u201cDa\u201d, the maximum surface temperature must be determined with the equipment mounted in accordance with the manufacturer&#8217;s instructions and surrounded on all available surfaces by a dust layer with a minimum thickness of 200 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It has been specified that the temperature rise during the testing of equipment should be a rather slow process. The final temperature should be considered to have been reached when the temperature rise rate does not exceed 1 K \/ 24 h.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>adopted<\/strong> Brazilian Technical Standards of the series <strong>ABNT NBR IEC 60079<\/strong> (Explosive atmospheres) and <strong>ABNT NBR ISO 80079<\/strong> (Ex\u201d mechanical equipment) elaborated by the Study Commissions of the SCB 003:031 Subcommittee and published by ABNT are <strong>identical<\/strong>, in terms of technical content, structure and wording, without national technical deviations in relation to the respective IEC international standards, in accordance with requirements specified in <strong>ABNT DIRECTIVE 3 <\/strong>&#8211; <em>Adoption of International Technical Documents<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>adopted<\/strong> Brazilian Technical Standards of the series <strong>ABNT NBR IEC 60079<\/strong> (Explosive atmospheres) and <strong>ABNT NBR ISO 80079<\/strong> (Ex\u201d mechanical equipment) elaborated by the Study Commissions of the SCB 003:031 Subcommittee and published by ABNT are <strong>identical<\/strong>, in terms of technical content, structure and wording, without national technical deviations in relation to the respective IEC international standards, in accordance with requirements specified in <strong>ABNT DIRECTIVE 3 <\/strong>&#8211; <em>Adoption of International Technical Documents<\/em>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2227\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2227\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2227\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-1024x630.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-1024x630.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-768x473.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-600x369.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3-64x39.jpg 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/08-ABNT-DIRETIVA3.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2227\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover Sheet of <strong>ABNT DIRECTIVE 3<\/strong>: <em>Adoption of international Technical Documents<\/em>, such as the international technical standards are developed by <em>consensus<\/em> among the participating countries of <strong>IEC<\/strong> and <strong>ISO<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Following the trend and the world normative convergence of the IEC member countries, including Brazil, the national Technical Standards that involve the processes of conformity assessment of \u201cEx\u201d service facilities, \u201cEx\u201d personal competence and \u201cEx\u201d electrical and mechanical equipment are <strong>adopted<\/strong> Standards, identical to the respective IEC international standards. This standardization policy aims to harmonize the National Standards with the international Standardization, in order to standardize the procedures for design, manufacturing, testing, marking, conformity assessment, installation, inspection, maintenance, repair and recovery of \u201cEx\u201d equipment and personal competence.<\/p>\n<p>Actions like these contribute to the <strong>integration<\/strong> of Brazilian Manufacturers, Test Laboratories, End User Companies, products and people Certification Bodies and Training Providers with the market and the <strong>international<\/strong> \u201cEx\u201d community, as well as to the elevation of the levels of safety, health, environment, risk assessment, tests, quality, performance, reliability, service execution procedures and personal competences, related to the national \u201cEx\u201d installations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Considerations about equipment protected by encapsulation &#8211; Ex \u201cm\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The Ex \u201cm\u201d type of protection is internationally accepted, and there is a progressive acceptance of certificates of conformity with this type of \u201cEx\u201d protection, making it increasingly widespread and applied in recent projects and developments in the chemical, petrochemical, oil &amp; gas, food, pharmaceutical, mining, steel mill, and port industries, among others<\/li>\n<li>Encapsulation protected equipment can be installed in all places with the presence of classified areas, including underground coal mines (Group I), surface industries with the presence of flammable gases (Groups IIA \/ IIB \/ IIC) or installations with the presence of combustible dust (Groups IIIA \/ IIIB \/ IIIC), depending on their constructive characteristics, which are considered and evaluated during the certification processes<\/li>\n<li>Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment can be installed in any Zone including Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2, Zone 20, Zone 21 or Zone 22, according to the level of protection (EPL) provided (Ma, Mb, Ga, Gb, Gc, Da, Db, Dc), depending on their constructive characteristics, which are considered and evaluated during the certification processes<\/li>\n<li>Due to the benefits of flexibility and scope of installation, the type of protection by Ex \u201cm\u201d encapsulation can be adopted as \u201cstandardization\u201d for various equipment of instrumentation or automation systems in classified areas, regardless of the characteristics of the installation site<\/li>\n<li>Despite the high safety levels provided by the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment, in order to assure that this \u201cEx\u201d equipment keeps presenting the protection and safety requirements for which it was manufactured and certified, there is the need to have a system of periodic inspections and maintenance, throughout the total life cycle in which these \u201cEx\u201d instruments, equipment, components or devices remain installed in classified areas, throughout the years or decades of operation of the industrial plants<\/li>\n<li>The inspection and maintenance activities for Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment and installations can be considered one of the most important actions in the sense of reaching the required safety levels of these \u201cEx\u201d installations. These activities can be considered as being the \u201cheart\u201d of an entire process of asset management and personnel management in facilities involving explosive atmospheres<\/li>\n<li>It is becoming more and more evident that the existence of a conformity assessment program for the certification of \u201cEx\u201d instrumentation, automation, telecommunications, electrical or mechanical equipment is not enough to guarantee the high levels of safety required in these industrial facilities with explosive atmospheres containing flammable gases or combustible dust<\/li>\n<li>It can be verified that it is not enough that the Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment protected by encapsulation has been properly manufactured, tested in laboratories and certified, if the people do not have the proper training, knowledge, skills and qualifications for the execution activities or supervision of design, selection, technical specification, installation, assembly, inspection or maintenance of this Ex \u201cm\u201d equipment<\/li>\n<li>The encapsulation type of protection provides one of the highest levels of safety for installations in classified areas containing explosive atmospheres formed by flammable gases or combustible dusts. Consistently and defensibly, the Ex \u201cm\u201d protection type can be considered to be one of the safest and the least prone to human error or failure when compared to the other \u201cEx\u201d protection types<\/li>\n<li>All \u201cEx\u201d types of protection can be considered \u201c<strong><em>safe<\/em><\/strong>\u201d, but only if the respective \u201cEx\u201d instrumentation, automation, telecommunications, electrical or mechanical equipment has been properly selected, installed, inspected, maintained, or repaired, throughout <strong><em>its total life cycle<\/em><\/strong>. For these reasons \u201cEx\u201d instrumentation, automation, telecommunications and electrical equipment should be specified that provide <strong><em>SIMPLER<\/em><\/strong> field services from the point of view of the users and owners of the \u201cEx\u201c equipment, who are responsible for the safety of their installations<\/li>\n<li>In order that the equipment protected by Ex \u201cm\u201c encapsulation can be properly designed, manufactured, specified, installed, inspected, maintained, and repaired, according to the Brazilian Technical Standards adopted from the ABNT NBR IEC 60079 Series &#8211; <strong>Part 14, Part 17, Part 18 and Part 19<\/strong>, there is the need for the people involved in these activities to have the proper <strong>competences<\/strong> for performing the functions for which they are responsible<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1977 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/roberval-bulgarelli-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"Roberval Bulgarelli\" width=\"175\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/roberval-bulgarelli-220x300.jpg 220w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/roberval-bulgarelli-64x87.jpg 64w, https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/roberval-bulgarelli.jpg 365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Roberval Bulgarelli<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Consultor T\u00e9cnico sobre equipamentos e instala\u00e7\u00f5es em atmosferas explosivasMestrado em prote\u00e7\u00e3o de <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">sistemas el\u00e9tricos de pot\u00eancia (POLI\/USP)<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Membro de Comiss\u00f5es de Estudo do Subcomit\u00ea SCB 003:031 (<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><em>Atmosferas explosivas<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">) da ABNT\/CB-003 (<\/span><strong style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Eletricidade<\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">)<br \/>\n<\/span>Membro de Grupos de Trabalho do <strong>TC 31<\/strong> (<em>Atmosferas explosivas<\/em>), <strong>TC 95<\/strong> (<em>Rel\u00e9s de prote\u00e7\u00e3o<\/em>) e do <strong>IECEx<\/strong> (<em>Sistemas internacionais de certifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u201cEx\u201d<\/em>) da IEC<br \/>\nOrganizador do Livro \u201c<strong><em>O ciclo total de vida das instala\u00e7\u00f5es em atmosferas explosivas<\/em><\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The type of protection by encapsulation (Ex \u201cm\u201d) is based on the principle of segregating an explosive atmosphere that may be present in the installation location, in the form of flammable gases or combustible dust, from internal parts of \u201cEx\u201d components or equipment that could represent an ignition source. The type of protection Ex \u201cm\u201d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[220],"tags":[259,224,260],"class_list":["post-2270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-encapsulamento-en","tag-equipamentos-ex-en","tag-protecao-ex-m-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&quot;Ex&quot; equipment protected by encapsulation for flammable gases and combustible dust - Type of Ex protection type Ex &quot;m&quot; - Blinda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The type of protection by encapsulation Ex \u201cm\u201d is based on the principle of segregating an explosive atmosphere\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/en\/ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"&quot;Ex&quot; equipment protected by encapsulation for flammable gases and combustible dust - Type of Ex protection type Ex &quot;m&quot; - Blinda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The type of protection by encapsulation Ex \u201cm\u201d is based on the principle of segregating an explosive atmosphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/en\/ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blinda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-10-03T17:54:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-31T21:32:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blinda.com.br\/novo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/05-Exemplo-de-instalacao-de-solenoide-ex.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"693\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"726\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"mktbl\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"mktbl\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"24 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blinda.com.br\\\/en\\\/ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blinda.com.br\\\/en\\\/ex-equipment-protected-by-encapsulation-for-flammable-gases-and-combustible-dust-type-of-ex-protection-type-ex-m\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"mktbl\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blinda.com.br\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d979555316c2de25a4a9aba8cedc40fe\"},\"headline\":\"&#8220;Ex&#8221; 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